The Effects of HIV Related Stigma - 841 Words

This is, arguably, the most pervasive barrier that impedes access to fair and effective health services as well as food and treatment by deepening inequalities at all other levels involved in this study. Stigma refers to attitudes or beliefs about what is socially unacceptable expressed through discriminatory, or unjust, behaviors that produce feelings of shame and self-stigmatization (MANET+ 2012; AVERT; Pebody 2012). This causes social exclusion and it can undermine the success of community-based responses, reducing the life chances of stigmatized individuals. The extent of stigma is difficult to measure as it is experienced in different ways depending on people’s membership in certain social groups. This is because stigma often builds upon existing prejudices, such as racism, sexism and homophobia, which shape different levels of vulnerability (MANET+ 2012: 18; VSO 2005: 7). As we saw in earlier chapters, prisoners are disproportionately affected by the disease burden (see Appendix, table #) due to poor institutions that also encourage illicit behavior such as MSM, all of which reproduce stigma. For this reason, prisons have been generally neglected in government priorities and public action; in Zambia, it was not until 1990 when efforts began to address these problems, long after developments for other high risk groups such as sex workers and truck drivers (Simooya Sanjobo 2001: 241). This section focuses on stigma toward PLWHIV and MSM to explore the intersectingShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of HIV Related Stigma 790 Words   |  3 Pagesto control the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The fact is that poor understanding of the related issues of stigma, discrimination and denial has hampered national and international programs. (3,4,5) HIV/AIDS is not merely a medical problem, but a social problem as well (1). Stigma and discrimination are as central to the global AIDS challenge as the disease itself. (2) HIV-related stigma and discrimination can be described as a devaluating process of PLWHA where discrimination is enacted stigma comprising unfairRead MoreThree Types of Stigma Related to HIV1133 Words   |  5 Pages(1963) defined stigma as any condition, attribute, trait, or behavior that is deeply discrediting and reduces the bearer from a whole and usual person to a tainted and discounted one. . Stigma consist of an attributes that marks people as different leading to devaluation. Stigma is socially constructed (Major O’Brien, 2005) thus is dependent both on relationship and context. In fact, Goffman (1963) emphasized using the â€Å"language of relationships† (p. 3) when considering stigma. A subsequentRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Tuberculosis, Kenya, Uganda And The Democratic Republic Of The Congo1665 Words   |  7 Pagesremains one of the main social barriers to cause hospital delay and effective compliance to directly observed therapy. Goffman, E (1986) describes stigma as a perspective of extreme disapproval towards and person or group of people that is perceived to have deviated from a norm of society. Weiss (2001) elaborates and states that TB can portray an effect of being ostracised, as there is a fear of getting infected. Dodor, E, Afenyadu G, (2005) impose that stigmatisation can have a consequence of peopleRead MoreHiv/Aids Stigma and Discrimination1338 Words   |  6 PagesCepeda Social Psychology HIV/AIDS Stigma and Discrimination Strayer University November 19, 2011 Internationally, there has been a recent resurgence of interest in HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination, triggered at least in part by growing recognition that negative social responses to the epidemic remain pervasive even in seriously affected communities. Yet, rarely are existing notions of stigma and discrimination interrogated for their conceptual adequacy and their usefulness inRead MoreStigma And Its Effects On Society Essay1666 Words   |  7 PagesThe term stigma was originally described by Goffman as a devalued or undesirable social attribute that arouses negative feelings and subsequently causes the individual to become side-lined or excluded from social relationships (Goffman, 1963). Stigma involves â€Å"exclusion, rejection, blame, or devaluation resulting from experience or reasonable anticipation of an adverse social judgment† because of a particular condition (Weiss and Ramakrishna, 2006 pg 536). According to Link and Phelan (2001) pgRead MoreThe H iv / Aids Social Problem863 Words   |  4 Pagesanalyze the HIV/AIDS social problem. The conflict theory is simply a theoretical approach that views social problems based on conflicts between two or more groups. In addition, society is divided by social classes which are confrontational, competitive and attempt to exploit one another to gain social status and power. This division can be related to racial and ethnic inequalities, which is often created by prejudice and bias. When we directly evaluate this theory as it relates to HIV and AIDS, itRead MoreStigma Of Hiv And Aids918 Words   |  4 PagesDecember 1st, 2015, which followed Charlie Sheen’s recent disclosure of him being HIV-positive, revealed sad realties about society’s relations to HIV and AIDS. So it seems opportune that this paper shed some light on the issue of stigma in relation to HIV and AIDS. This paper supports the notions that although stigma around HIV status has come a long way since its incept ion as an infectious disease in the 1980s, HIV stigma has not yet come to an end. As Sheen outlines â€Å"It’s a hard three letters to absorb†Read MoreThe Prevalence Of Hiv / Aids1532 Words   |  7 PagesIndividuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are living longer lives and changing the perception of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. There has been extensive research conducted on high risk groups for HIV/AIDS but little has been done to research and address the social aspect of aging and HIV/AIDS. It is important to have a more conclusive understanding of HIV/AIDS in the aging population due to the climbing rate of new infection among older AmericanRead MorePhiladelphia Movie Review1571 Words   |  7 PagesPhiladelphia Prepare a critical analysis of the movie Philadelphia (1993). Ensure that you address the following: * Myths and stereotypes about homosexuals and people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) helped to propel his dismissal from the firm? * Prejudice, discrimination, oppression, and institutional discrimination. * Include analysis of any additional issues for gays and lesbians such as legal empowerment, violence against them, coming out, ethnicity, and AIDS. * Suggest strategiesRead MoreTypes Of Discrimination And Discrimination1729 Words   |  7 Pagesless favorably by the employer simply because of his or her HIV status. For example, rejecting a job application because of employee HIV infection or excluding an HIV-positive employee from the company pension scheme because of an assumption that he or she would draw on it early. (6) The law also protects people who are discriminated against because they are associated with a person with HIV (for example, the partner of a person with HIV). Furthermore, it protects employees or potential employees

High School Student Free Essays

Karina Canas English 2323 2/15/12 Supernatural vs. Natural Ever been watching television and out of nowhere a picture frame or some other object fall without anyone moving it? Was it some supernatural power that caused it to fall like a ghost that is haunting a house or was the picture frame just placed wrong? The Castle of Otranto has many mysterious events that happen all throughout the novel, but not all of them are said to be supernatural. Some of the events can actually be explained, but others can’t therefore are said to be supernatural. We will write a custom essay sample on High School Student or any similar topic only for you Order Now The very first thing that happens in the novel is the giant helmet â€Å"larger than any casque ever made for human beings† that had fallen randomly out of the sky and crushed Conrad. There is no reasonable explanation to how anyone could have dropped it on Conrad because it was that huge that no one could have lifted it. One of the events that can be explained is when Manfred is trying to chase after Isabella but stops when the â€Å"moon presented to his sight the plumes of the fatal helmet, which rose to the height of the windows, waving backwards and forwards in a tempestuous manner, and accompanied with a hollow and rustling sound†. The reflection of the moon casted a shadow of the helmet and the wind caused the shadow to appear to be waving. The rustling sound was most likely made by the animals or the guards walking. This event appears to be natural though it does give the setting a scary atmosphere. Falling photograph frames are somewhat normal, but Horace Walpole took it a little farther and mentioned the portrait of Manfred’s â€Å"grandfather uttered a deep sigh, and heaved its breast†. Not only did his grandfather in the portrait sighed, but â€Å"it also quit its panel, and descended on the floor with a grave and melancholy air and then motion for Manfred to follow him†. Just like in Harry Potter moving portraits that talk are fictions, but it is a very effective way to raise the climax and give the reader a feeling of mystery and raise the climax. Especially when he finally gets to the door of the chamber and it is â€Å"clapped to with violence by an invisible hand†. The door is not actually held by an invisible hand. It is most likely locked up that’s why Manfred has a hard time opening the door. Later while Manfred is searching for Isabella, his guards Diego and Jaquez manage to get the door open and find what they believe to be a â€Å"giant lying down, for the foot and leg were stretched at length on the floor†. This giant could possibly be the owner of the giant helmet at the beginning of the novel, but there is still no explanation of how the giant got to the chamber without anyone noticing it. Even the guards mention how the giant is supernatural for they suggest for Manfred to â€Å"send for the chaplain, and have the castle exorcised because it appears to be enchanted†. Towards the end of the novel Frederic mentions that while he was in the forest he found a hermit who â€Å"St. Nicholas had appeared to and revealed a secret that he was to disclose to mortal man only on the day of his death-bed†. The apparition of a dead saint is supernatural because the dead don’t come back to life. When Manfred offers Frederic to marry his daughter Matilda â€Å"three drops of blood fell from the nose of Alfonso’s statue meaning that the blood of Alfonso will never mix with that of Manfred†. There has been many cases where it is said that statues bleed or cry, and even though there are proofs there is no logically explanation to this events other than the fact that they are supernatural. As mention there are many mysterious events which cannot be explained, but give a sense of scariness in the novel. The most effective in mystery are the giant helmet which gives intrigues the reader to keep on reading to try and solve the mystery of it and the grandfather coming out of his portrait and leading Manfred to the giant who could possibly the owner of the mysterious helmet. Supernatural and natural events are both great to create mystery that sometimes it is hard to tell them apart. How to cite High School Student, Essay examples

The story of blood brothers Essay Example For Students

The story of blood brothers Essay The story-line I constructed, with narration went like this. As the King stood at the edge of his balcony on a bitter cold evening, a conflict below was ending. The sadness on his face grew deeper and deeper as he saw the blanket of bodies, both of his fine men and their enemies lying dead or wounded. Suddenly the chief warrior staggered to his feet, looking up at the king with his bright blue eyes he shouted we did it! This was then made into a movement in groups, no words were spoken just a strong used of facial expressions to set the mood. We will write a custom essay on The story of blood brothers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In my group we decided to interpret the music using my story-line, as everyone felt it was interesting and suited well. We used a sense of dance, mixed with passion making sure the whole space was used with interlinking between the characters body parts. Levels still played a huge part to making the piece look affective. Our group moved slowly to create tension and curiosity, and one character moved at a time to state a sense of time and importance. Our next task was to list a number of different themes that were in the play, such as; loyalty/betrayal, relationships, jealously, superstition, childhood issues, wealth, health, love, and some others. We were asked to pick five and prioritise them explaining why we chose them. My first choice was superstition as it runs all through the whole story and nearly all the aspects in the story link back to it, even the songs do. Next was betrayal/loyalty as it works as opposites in the story as one character is being loyal another is betraying them. I put relationships as my third point, it seems an ironic thing as their mothers dont want them to be friends but they want to be. When kids are told not to do something they do it out of curiosity and self control. I feel without relationships there would be no interesting story-line, even if there are bad ones as well as good. Wealth/jealously comes next, I linked these two together because they relate. Money is such a big issue; its what makes the brothers so different. Being young money was no object it meant nothing but it changes when they grow up money meant the better life, which sparked off the jealously. My number five was childhood issues, as its how the story begins and now and again due to the characters childhood things happen, both good and bad. We were then given a task which lead on from these and it was to still image each of our five prioritised points. Superstition was fairly hard to portray, but we decided to use the superstition of pulling faces and the wind changing to make people stay like that. It worked well with one character acting as the wind, with two others side by side, one with a normal expression and the other with a stupid face pulled. In the still image of betrayal/loyalty we felt having two people back to back, but the loyal one at a higher status and facial expressions and body language showing happiness contrasting with the betraying person. In our third still image or relationships we had the two women either side of the stage, with two characters in the middle being ton apart with confused looks of angry on their face. Next was wealth/jealousy and again we used the two characters at high and low status. However they were both unhappy looking at each other wanting one anothers life. We then used for childhood issues in a playground with one child being better than all the rest, showing off with confidence. The other kids were annoyed, pretending they didnt care. We were then asked to add captions to the still images so the audience would get the drift of what it was showing without actually saying. .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee , .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .postImageUrl , .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee , .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:hover , .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:visited , .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:active { border:0!important; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:active , .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u168cbff31e57e919d0e2fee31dc1acee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The portion you read culminates with a Major Crux: What does tearing the pardon mean? EssayFor superstition we agreed on if the wind changes your stay like that. For betrayal/loyalty we had one character saying I betrayed, in a quiet and guilty way and another said I stayed loyal, in the opposite tone of voice and quite loud. We felt it would be good to use a line from the book in the relationship still image. My child, worked well as it summed up the story, was short but at the same time powerful and effective. For wealth/jealousy we had one person saying I have it dont want it, and another saying dont have it just want it. And for the final image we used mummy says we cant do that, showing the boys know it wrong, but still do it anyway. We had to body sculpture a partner into a 7year old boy; I made my partner sit on the floor with crossed legs and his head in his arms and a grumpy face. I then moulded him into a 14year old this time he was stood up hands in his pockets and looking at the floor, sort of bored.

Time Dilation Effects in Physics

Time Dilation Effects in Physics Time dilation is the phenomenon where two objects moving relative to each other (or even just a different intensity of gravitational field from each other) experience different rates of time flow. Relative Velocity Time Dilation The time dilation seen due to relative velocity stems from special relativity. If two observers, Janet and Jim, are moving in opposite directions and as they pass by each other they note that the other persons watch is ticking slower than their own. If Judy were running alongside Janet at the same speed in the same direction, their watches would be ticking at the same rate, while Jim, going in the opposite direction, sees both of them having slower-ticking watches. Time seems to pass slower for the person being observed than for the observer. Gravitational Time Dilation Time dilation due to being at different distances from a gravitational mass is described in the general theory of relativity. The closer you are to a gravitational mass, the slower your clock seems to be ticking to an observer farther from the mass. When a spaceship nears a black hole of extreme mass, observers see time slowing to a crawl for them. These two forms of time dilation combine for a satellite orbiting a planet. On the one hand, their relative velocity to observers on the ground slows time for the satellite. But the farther distance from the planet means time goes faster on the satellite than on the surface of the planet. These effects may cancel each other, but also can mean a lower satellite has slower-running clocks relative to the surface while higher-orbiting satellites have clocks running faster relative to the surface. Time Dilation Examples The effects of time dilation are used often in science fiction stories, dating back to at least the 1930s. One of the earliest and most well-known thought experiments to feature time dilation is the famous Twin Paradox, which demonstrates the curious effects of time dilation at its most extreme. Time dilation becomes most apparent when one of the objects is moving at nearly the speed of light, but it manifests at even slower speeds. Here are just a few ways we know time dilation actually takes place: Clocks in airplanes click at different rates from clocks on the ground.Putting a clock on a mountain (thus elevating it, but keeping it stationary relative to the ground-based clock) results in slightly different rates.The Global Positioning System (GPS) has to adjust for time dilation. Ground-based devices have to communicate with satellites. To work, they have to be programmed to compensate for the time differences based on their speeds and gravitational influences.Certain unstable particles exist for a very brief period of time before decaying, but scientists can observe them as lasting longer  because they are moving so fast that time dilation means the time that the particles experience before decaying is different from the time experienced in the at-rest laboratory that is doing the observations.In 2014, a research team announced the most precise experimental confirmation of this effect yet devised, as described in a Scientific American article. They used a particle accelerat or to confirm that time moves slower for a moving clock than for a stationary one.

Thulium Facts

Thulium Facts Thulium is one of the rarest of the rare earth metals. This silver-gray metals share many common properties with other lanthanides but also displays some unique characteristics. Here is a look at some interesting thulium facts: Although the rare earth elements arent all that rare, they are so-named because they are difficult to extract from their ores and purify. Thulium actually is the least abundant of the rare earths.Thulium metal is soft enough that it can be cut with a knife. Like other rare earths, it is malleable and ductile.Thulium has a silvery appearance. It is fairly stable in air. It reacts slowly in water and more quickly in acids.Swedish chemist Per Teodor Cleve discovered thulium in 1879 from an analysis of the mineral erbia, a source of several rare earth elements.Thulium is named for the early name for Scandinavia- Thule.The principal source of thulium is the mineral monazite, which contains thulium at a concentration of  about 20 parts per million.Thulium is not toxic, although it has no known biological function.Natural thulium consists of one stable isotope, Tm-169. 32 radioactive isotopes of thulium have been produced, with atomic masses ranging from 146 to 177.The most common oxidati on state of thulium is Tm3. This trivalent ion most commonly forms green compounds. When excited, Tm3 emits a strong blue fluorescence. One interesting fact is that this fluorescence, along with red from europium Eu3  and green from terbium Tb3, is used as security markers in Euro banknotes. The fluorescence appears when the notes are held under black or ultraviolet light. Because of its rarity and expense, there are not many uses for thulium and its compounds. However, it is used to dope YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers, in ceramic magnetic materials, and as a radiation source (after bombardment in a reactor) for portable x-ray equipment. Thulium Chemical and Physical Properties Element Name: Thulium Atomic Number: 69 Symbol: Tm Atomic Weight: 168.93421 Discovery: Per Theodor Cleve 1879 (Sweden) Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f13 6s2 Element Classification: Rare Earth (Lanthanide) Word Origin: Thule, the ancient name of Scandinavia. Density (g/cc): 9.321 Melting Point (K): 1818 Boiling Point (K): 2220 Appearance: soft, malleable, ductile, silvery metal Atomic Radius (pm): 177 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 18.1 Covalent Radius (pm): 156 Ionic Radius: 87 (3e) Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.160 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 232 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.25 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 589 Oxidation States: 3, 2 Lattice Structure: Hexagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 3.540 Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.570 References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) Return to the Periodic Table

Field_Trip_to_L_auberge_Casino_Resort Lake Charles, Louisiana Essay

Field_Trip_to_L_auberge_Casino_Resort Lake Charles, Louisiana - Essay Example Mr. Kirk also showed us the hotel’s villia sweet room and explained us how the rooms are managed. There are more than 1000 rooms in the hotel and the sweet rooms cost anywhere between $40,000 and $100,000. The tables in the casino had all kinds of games to entertain the guests. I found the resort quite well-equipped and I expected it to be so since this was what we were told in the class. There was every amenity a guest could ask for. Especially, the spa was magnificent. Although the spa was available at a very reasonable rate, yet unfortunately I had too less time to book a massage. I was upon a school trip, so all I could have was little fun around the place. The casino was splendid. I found a variety of cuisines at the restaurants. I would particularly like to recommend the appetizer sampler at the Jack Daniels restaurant to anyone planning to go there. Since the weather was very cold, so I could not have a swim into the pool, but that is due for next time for sure. One of the aspects of the field trip that I disliked was that in place of a rake, the poker players in the casino were charged $7 for 30 minutes of game at the table. I was surprised because in the class, we were told that the casino offers a variety of games at reasonable prices, but I found many of them unreasonably high. This price was unbelievably higher than most of the best casinos around that I have experienced playing in before. I also noticed that although the rooms were well-furnished and aesthetically decorated, yet the rooms were not kept up nicely. I noticed stains on some pieces of the furniture as well as some portions of the carpet particularly those that were behind the doors. Probably the house-cleaners clean the main areas but leave the corners. Some shaddy looking characters I saw inside the casino caught my attention. However, the workout facility was excellent. This field trip experience was as informative and educative as it was interesting and enjoyable.

Community Problem About Animal Shelter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Community Problem About Animal Shelter - Essay Example Human house denies that cat several benefits that the animal should be exposed to. Such is the space for giving birth in case of pregnancy. Cats are mostly secretive animals whose abundance of activities are undertaken in secret. Such activities are mating, removal of stool and giving birth. Cats cannot undertake such activities in the presence of people community. Lack of enough space leaves the cat highly fatigued and unable to freely move around. Proper room design and space design for the cat allows for the suitable nutritional meeting of the animal (De, Bairacli, 69).Human house denies that cat several benefits that the animal should be exposed to. Such is the space for giving birth in case of pregnancy. Cats are mostly secretive animals whose abundance of activities are undertaken in secret. Such activities are mating, removal of stool and giving birth. Cats cannot undertake such activities in the presence of people community. Lack of enough space leaves the cat highly fatigued and unable to freely move around. Proper room design and space design for the cat allows for the suitable nutritional meeting of the animal (De, Bairacli, 69). According to (Buckworth-Herne-Soame, 42), Cats similar other animals have defined Feeding spaces. Our homes and society have integrated cat feeding into the normal system. Good rearing practices for cats push for proper designing of cats rooms to cater for the feeding programs. Multiple groups of cats disease may emanate to poor exposure of cats feed.